introduction: intravenous general anesthetic agents are among the most important and widely used anesthetic drugs in the clinical practice. many pharmacological studies have shown that potentiation of gaba and glycine on their receptors is the most plausible mechanism. nevertheless, there is limited information on the effects of co-administration of two or more of these agents. however, experim...

Drugs administered for anesthesia can trigger seizure attacks in patients with epilepsy. Benzodiazepines have been consistently reported to be anticonvulsants, and a novel benzodiazepine, remimazolam, was recently introduced. We report case of total intravenous maintained remimazolam patient epilepsy who underwent deep brain stimulation both anterior thalamic nuclei. Despite the administration ...

The synthesis and hypnotic evaluation of a new generation of thiazolo[3,2-a][1,3]diazepine analogs are described. Those compounds exhibit potent in vivo activities as ultra-short acting hypnotics. Background of the Invention Surgical procedures require the administration of several intravenous drugs to ensure hypnosis, analgesia, relaxation and control of visceral reflex responses. The use of i...

The synthesis and hypnotic evaluation of a new generation of thiazolo[3,2-a][1,3]diazepine analogs are described. Those compounds exhibit potent in vivo activities as ultra-short acting hypnotics. Background of the Invention Surgical procedures require the administration of several intravenous drugs to ensure hypnosis, analgesia, relaxation and control of visceral reflex responses. The use of i...

Introduction: Intravenous general anesthetic agents are among the most important and widely used anesthetic drugs in the clinical practice. Many pharmacological studies have shown that potentiation of GABA and glycine on their receptors is the most plausible mechanism. Nevertheless, there is limited information on the effects of co-administration of two or more of these agents. However, expe...

Remimazolam, a novel, ultra-short-acting intravenous anesthetics, belongs to the benzodiazepine class of drugs and was approved for as general anesthetic. Its pharmacological action is similar that midazolam. However, differences in metabolic pathway pharmacokinetic profiles its metabolites contribute faster offset remimazolam than The context-sensitive half time (CSHT) short 6.8 ± 2.4 min. An ...

background: propofol is a widely used intravenous anesthetic drug. one of its side effects is pain during injection. we investigate the effects of intravenous ondansetron, lidocaine, and their combination on pain reduction of intravenous propofol. methods: eighty eight women with asa class (american society of anesthesiologists) classification i-ii patients undergoing elective gynecologic surge...

malpractice in preparation and administration of intravenous (iv) medications has been reported frequently. inadequate knowledge of nurses has been reported as a cause of such errors. we aimed to evaluate the role of nurses' education via installation of wall posters and giving informative pamphlets in reducing the errors in preparation and administration of intravenous drugs in 2 wards (icu an...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review focuses on the utilization of the effects of general anesthetics on cerebral metabolism as revealed by imaging for therapeutic and preventive purposes, for understanding mechanisms of anesthetic action, and for elucidating mechanisms of cerebral processing in humans. RECENT FINDINGS General anesthetics suppress cerebral metabolism significantly. This effect has b...

BACKGROUND General anaesthesia lowers the clearance of crystalloid fluid, but the volume kinetics of such fluid throughout the duration of spinal anaesthesia has not been studied. METHODS Ten female volunteers (mean age 29 years) received an intravenous infusion of 25 ml/kg of acetated Ringer's solution with and without spinal anaesthesia. A volume kinetic model was fitted to serial measureme...